Keli – qazaqtyń turmys salasyndaǵy keıingi ýaqytqa deıin keńinen paıdalanyp kelgen turmys quraldarynyń biri. Ol tary, bıdaı sıaqty dándi daqyldardy túıip, untaqtaıtyn qatty aǵashtan oıyp jasalǵan qural. Keli qurylymy jaǵynan eki túrge bólinedi. Taqta keli jáne shuńǵyl keli.
Keli – dándi daqyldar men naýat, shaqpaq qant tárizdi túıir-túıir zattardy túıgishtep ýatatyn, untaqtaıtyn, qatty aǵashtan, tas, temir, shoıyn sıaqty materıaldardan jasalǵan ishi qýys qural, turmystyq buıym. Bıdaı, tary, arpa t.b. dándi daqyldardy túıýge arnalǵan aǵash keli qatty aǵashtyń jýan dińinen ortasyn 30-35 sm tereńdikte uńǵýyrmen oıý, qashaý arqyly jasalady. Keli qazaq dastarqanynyń shyraıyn keltiretin aqtalǵan tary, qýyrǵan bıdaı, túıilgen jarma, qurt, irimshik, jent sıaqty taǵamdardy daıyndaýǵa qajetti basty turmystyq buıym bolǵan. Sondyqtan sheberler tózimdi, sapaly keli jasaý úshin jumysty aǵash tańdaýdan bastaıdy. Óıtkeni sazda, sortań nemese sýly jerde ósken aǵashtardan jasaýǵa bolmaıdy. Sazda ósken sary aǵashty keptirý qıyn, ári ol kepkende jarylyp ketedi. Sortań jer aǵashynyń súregi tyǵyz bolǵanymen, kepkende qaq aıyrylady. Tańdap alynǵan aǵashty óńdep, zatty túıip untaqtaıtyn qural jasaıtyn sheberdi halyq kelishi dep ataǵan. Kelishiler jaz ben kúz jańbyrsyz bolǵan qurǵaqshylyq jyldary keli jasaıtyn aǵash kespegin mol etip jınaıdy. Kespekterdi shóldi jerde ósken nemese sýsyz qańsyp, jumyrlanyp ósken jerinen jınaıdy. Ondaı aǵashty qysqa qaraı túbirimen qazyp alady. Onyń dińin eki jaǵynan aralap, bolashaq keliniń kespegin daıyndaıdy. Odan ári kespekterdi keptirýge kirisedi. El arasynda keli jasaıtyn kespekti keptirýdiń ádis-tásilderi kóp bolǵan. Sheberler uńǵýyr, tyshýyr, shappashot, qashaý sıaqty quraldardy alma-kezek qoldana otyryp, keli jasaıtyn kespektiń ishin oıyp alyp tastaıdy. Keli oıýda ár óńirdiń sheberleri qalyptastyrǵan tásilderi bar. Máselen, Qyzylorda óńiriniń kelishileri aldymen kespektiń ortasyn bir ret uzyn burǵymen burǵylap alady. Odan ári burǵylanǵan jer men onyń aınalasyn qyzdyrylǵan úshkir temirmen qarıdy. Sheber aǵashty ystyq temirmen qaıta-qaıta qaryp otyryp, keli oımasynyń nobaıyn keltirip alǵan soń, qýysqulaq nemese ımekbas qashaýmen túgel oıyp shyǵady. Qaraqalpaqstanda turatyn qazaq sheberleri kespek ortasyn azdap shuńqyrlap oıyp alyp, sol jerge kómir shoǵyn salyp, sol shoqpen qaryp oıady, keıde kespek ishin aspappen úńgip alyp, qaınap turǵan qazanǵa qaqpaq sıaqty tóńkerip jaýyp, ystyq býmen aǵash ishin jibitip alyp ta oıady. Kelishiler keliniń túbin eki túrli tásilmen oıady. Tary, bıdaı, júgeri tárizdi dándi daqyldardy túıýge, jarmalaýǵa qoldanatyn keliniń túbin tegis etip oıady. Ony túbi tegis keli dep ataıdy. Tary aqtaýǵa qoldanatyn keli túbin shuńǵyldap oıady. Mundaı kelini túbi shuńǵyl keli dep ataıdy. Keliniń ishi oıylyp bolǵan soń ony óńdeý, daıyndaý jumysy odan ári jalǵasady. Keıbir sheberler oıylǵan keliniń ishine topyraq toltyryp, jerge bir jumadaı ýaqyt kómip tastaıdy. Keli ishindegi, syrtyndaǵy qurǵaq topyraq aǵash boıyndaǵy ylǵal men tuzdy ózine soryp alady. Topyraqtan shyǵaryp alǵan birqalypty temperatýrada jyly jerde ábden keptiredi. Keıbir sheberler ishi oıylǵan kelini qyzǵan tandyr ishinde ystyq qozǵa qaqtap alyp, onyń ishi-syrtyn qoıdyń quıryq maıymen, túıe qomynyń maıymen sińirip maılaıdy. Qatty qurǵaqta keli jarylyp ketpes úshin onyń ıini men taǵanyn aınaldyra túıeniń ılenbegen shıki terisimen qaptap tastaıdy. Shıki teri kepken kezde tarylyp, kelini syrtynan qursaýlap, qatty qysyp qalady. Keliniń terimen qaptalmaǵan jerin bylǵarymen ysqylap óńdeıdi. Aýqatty adamdar keliniń syrtyn kúmistelgen oıý-órnekpen, kelsabynyń bas jaǵyn kúmis shytyralarmen áshekeılep jasatqan. Qazaq jeriniń keıbir óńirinde aǵash az ósetin bolǵandyqtan, sheberler kelini eki-úsh aǵash kesindisinen qıýlastyryp ta jasaǵan. Mundaı keli qurama keli dep atalady. Qurama keliniń syrty tez jarylmaý úshin túıe terisimen qaptap, tartyp tastaǵan. Keliniń eń úlkenin nar keli dep ataıdy. Nar kelini ertede, ádette, tary sóginen jarma, jent daıyndap satatyn saýdagerler arnaıy tapsyryspen jasatqan.
6alash usynady
