Ashamaı — balany atqa minýge úıretý úshin qoldanylatyn erdiń qarapaıym túri. Ashamaıdyń er sıaqty eki qasy (aldyńǵy jáne artqy), eki qaptaly, oqpany bolady. Úzeńginiń ornyna tepkishek qoldanylady. Tepkishek tebingige japsyra tigilgen, shaǵyn kıiz qorjyn. Sándi bolý úshin onyń beti kestelenip, shúberekpen astarlanady. Ashamaıdyń taǵy bir quramdy bóligi — qoltyrmash, Ashamaıdyń aldyńǵy, artqy qasyna bala qoltyǵynyń astynan baılaıtyn aǵash. Qazaqta bala úsh jasqa tolysymen, atqa ashamaı salyp, mingizip úırete bastaıdy. Túıege, jylqyǵa júk artýǵa paıdalanylatyn yńyrshaqty da keıde "Ashamaı" dep ataıdy.
Ashamaı — nar jáne qospaq túıeler ertteletin aǵashtan jasalǵan yńyrshaq tárizdi ábzel. Túıeniń jalǵyz órkeshine aýyrlyq túspes úshin qomynyń ústine salady. Ony som aǵashtan jasaıdy: tórt jaqtaý daıyndap, ony oń, soldy etip basyn bir-birine qashap, eki-ekiden aıqastyrady da, olardyń arasyna tórt shabaqty koldeneńinen otkizip qoıady. Shabaqtary uzyndaý, jarty qulashtaı, ıaǵnı nar túıeniń orkeshiniń uzyndyǵymen shamalas bolady. Nardyń arqasyna qondyrǵan kezde Ashamaıdyń alqymy jazshyń eki shabaǵyn qaba otyryp, erkeshtiń ushyna tımeı, erdiń oqpany tárizdenip ashyq turady. Artylǵan júktiń salmaǵy ashamaıǵa, onyń aýyrtpalyǵy jazynyń shybyǵyna, ondaǵy salmaq jabdyqpen kalyńdatylǵan kúıde túıeniń jonyna kólbeı túsip, tegis bólinip, arqaǵa aýyrtpalyq túsirmeıdi, jaralamaıdy.
Ashamaıǵa mingizý
Ashamaıǵa mingizý (salt). Balanyń sana-sezimin jetildirý úshin jasalatyn tárbıelák salttyń biri – osy ashamaıǵa mingizý bolyp tabylady. Jas bala esi kirip, 6-7 jasqa kelgen soń oǵan jeke taı atap, ashamaı istetip qamshy órip "sen azamat boldyń" degen senim uıalatyp, úıretilgen jýas taıǵa ásem ashamaı erttep mingizip, júrgizedi. Bul balanyń kóńilin ósiredi, basqa balalar aldynda mereıi kóterilip, maqtanysh sezimde bolady, tez eseıedi. Ony eńbekke adamgershilikke tárbıeleýdiń ulttyq ádistemelik joldarynyń biri – osy ashamaıǵa mingizý arqyly kórinedi. Osyndaı qýanyshty sátte aqsaqaldy atasy balasyna: Al, aq tilek, aq tilek, Atqa toqym sal bilek, Atqa da jaqsy shaba bil, Jasyńnan maldy baǵa bil, Ónege, óner taba bil, Aımaǵyńa jaǵa bil, Atqa mindiń, aqjol bolsyn – nemese: Asqar-asqar taýdan ót, Aǵyny qatty sýdan ót. It tumsyǵy batpaıtyn, İrgesi bıik nýdan ót. Aıdyn-shalqar kólden ótip, Jeti qylym elden ót. Qus qanatyn taldyrǵan, Qý mekıen shólden ót! Jolsyz jerde jol basta, Jaýgerlik bolsa qol basta. Sáıgúligiń saı bolsyn, Tilegim osy áý basta Áýmın, – dep bata berilgen soń, balanyń qolyna attyń tizginin, oń qolyna qamshy ustatady, analar shashý shashyp, tilekter aıtady. Balany atqa mingizgesin jigit atty erttep, kórshi-kolań, aýyldy aralatady. Esiginiń aldyna ashamaıǵa mingizý rásimin ótkizgen balaǵa kelgen úıdiń bári shashý shashyp, balanyń kıimine úki, shashaq, teńge, monshaq qadaıdy. "Bala sharshady-aý" degen kezde ústi-basy álem-jálemge, áshekeıge tolyp aýylǵa qaıtyp oralady. Sol kúni mal soıylyp, at shaptyrylyp, toı jasalady. Ashamaıǵa balany mingizip, attyń basyn jetektegen jigitke, bata bergen aqsaqalǵa áke-sheshesi syılyq beredi. Birte-birte atpen balanyń ózi júredi, bir-eki kúnnen soń aıaǵyn baılamaıdy, sonymen bir jeti ishinde ashamaıdy tastap erge otyrady. Baılar ashamaıǵa mingen balalaryn kóshtiń aldynan saltanatpen júrgizgen.
6alash usynady
